What is Web API in .NET?
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What is Web API in .NET?
ASP.NET Web API is a framework for building HTTP-based services in the .NET ecosystem. It allows you to create RESTful APIs that can be consumed by a wide variety of clients, including browsers, mobile devices, and desktop applications.
🔍 Key Features of Web API in .NET
Feature Description
RESTful Supports building REST-style APIs using standard HTTP verbs (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE).
Platform-Independent Can serve any client capable of making HTTP requests (JavaScript, mobile apps, IoT, etc.).
Content Negotiation Automatically returns data in the format requested by the client (e.g., JSON, XML).
Model Binding Automatically maps HTTP request data to method parameters.
Routing Uses routing (attribute-based or conventional) to map URLs to controller actions.
Dependency Injection Integrates with .NET’s DI system for better testability and flexibility.
🏗️ Structure of a Web API in .NET
Here’s a basic breakdown of components:
Controller: Handles incoming HTTP requests.
csharp
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public class ProductsController : ApiController
{
public IEnumerable<Product> GetAllProducts()
{
return productRepository.GetAll();
}
public Product GetProduct(int id)
{
return productRepository.Get(id);
}
}
Route: Maps HTTP requests to controller actions.
Convention-based: /api/products/1
Attribute-based:
csharp
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[Route("api/products/{id}")]
public Product Get Product (int id) { ... }
HTTP Verbs:
GET – Retrieve data
POST – Create new data
PUT – Update existing data
DELETE – Remove data
📦 Hosting Options
Web API can be:
Self-hosted (e.g., via Http Self Host Server)
Hosted in IIS (commonly with ASP.NET MVC or ASP.NET Core)
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